Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana Volumen 76, núm. 2, A230424, 2024 http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/BSGM2024v76n2a230424

La arquitectura de tierra en el Usumacinta medio: El caso del sitio arqueológico de Pomoca

Earth architecture in middle Usumacinta: The case of the Pomoca archaeological site

Keiko Teranishi-Castillo¹, Berenice Solís-Castillo², Gabriel Vázquez Castro ^3,*

¹ Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Zona Arqueológica de Palenque, Palenque, Chiapas, México.

² Investigadora independiente, Investigadores del Cuaternario y Antropoceno A.C., Morelia, México.

² Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Morelia, Laboratorio de Estudios Paleoambientales y Paleoclimáticos Morelia, UNAM, Michoacán, México.

* Autor para correspondencia: (G. Vazquez Castro) This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Cómo citar este artículo:

Teranishi-Castillo, K., Solís-Castillo, B., Vázquez Castro, G., 2024, La arquitectura de tierra en el Usumacinta medio: El caso del sitio arqueológico de Pomoca: Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, 76 (2), A230424. http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/BSGM2024v76n2a230424

Manuscrito recibido: 1 de Noviembre de 2023; manuscrito corregido: 15 de Abril de 2024; manuscrito aceptado: 22 de Abril de 2024.

ABSTRACT

The Usumacinta Basin is a landscape inhabited for approximately 3000 years. The archaeological remains found and recorded to date in the area account for the activities that has been modified the river plains of the river itself. The Usumacinta middle region has an occupational presence from the Formative period (1200 BC-150 AD) to the present, including an important presence in the Late Classic period (600-900 AD). The residential and civic ceremonial areas, over time, were rearranged into groups within units whose components evidenced ranks, distinctions between public spaces, and incipient civic centers. The crisis of the large neighboring governing centers, Palenque and Pomona, did not affect the lower ranking occupational landscapes; their pattern of human occupation was organized into mobile, semi-permanent village communities, without territorialization or clearly differentiated architectural patterns. This research directs its attention towards the processes that act simultaneously over time, the modification of river terraces during conditions of environmental stability, which configure the optimal development of societies, and when this relationship is interrupted by extraordinary climatic events, triggering social crises such as the collapse of large urban centers. In this case, the village regions, as is the case of the settlements of the plains of the Usumacinta River, show a relationship that was not interrupted, there is a continuity of occupation, and re-occupation of spaces, which suggests that this area has a local behavior different from regional climatic trends.

Keywords: radiocarbon dating, settlement pattern, construction elements, fluvial geomorphology.