Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana

Volumen 67, núm. 2, 2015, p. 299-313

http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/BSGM2015v67n2a12

Determinación de los procesos hidrogeoquímicos participantes en la composición del agua de las fuentes de abastecimiento a pobladores de la delegación Iztapalapa, D.F., México

Eloísa Domínguez Mariani1,*, Carlos Vargas Cabrera1,2, Fredy Martínez Mijangos2, Eugenio Gómez Reyes3, Oscar Monroy Hermosillo3

 

1 Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Av. de las Garzas 10, Col. El Panteón, Lerma de Villada, Municipio de Lerma, Estado de México, 52005, México.
2 Centro para la Sustentabilidad Incalli Ixcahuicopa, Centli, Carretera Tlalmanalco-San Rafael km 1.2, San Juan Atzacualoya, Tlalmanalco, Estado de México, 56720, México.
3 Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, D.F., 09340, México.

* This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 

Abstract

The water supply issues for Basin of Mexico residents have been constant; recently they have increased in Iztapalapa because of the groundwater withdrawal. The most significant concentrations, obtained from 17 wells, were: Fe2+ (0.004 – 0.6 mg/L), Mn2+(0.003 – 0.96 mg/L), Na+ (91 – 598 mg/L) and Cl- (59.5 – 372 mg/L), COD (3 – 63.8 mg/L) and specific conductivity (620 – 2503 μS/cm), in addition with turbidity and bad odour. The following hydrogeochemical processes were determined: mixing between different groundwater flow components induced by heavy pumping, and brackish water of overlying aquitard, increasing of the ionic content of groundwater until the precipitation of minerals like carbonates, phosphates and silicates on supply network and turbidity of the water extracted. This was demonstrated by calculating saturation index with the software PHREEQC. Redox conditions are consequence of organic matter oxidation, and therefore sulfate reduction, denitrification and presence of gases such as CO2 and H2S, the latter associated with corrosion in the drinking water network.

Keywords: water quality, hydrochemistry, water extraction, iron, salinization, sulfate reduction.