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BOLETÍN DE LA SOCIEDAD GEOLÓGICA MEXICANA http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/BSGM2011v63n3a9 |
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Enmiendas orgánicas y durazno, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, en el mejoramiento de una capa endurecida, tepetate tipo duripán
Organic amendments and a vegetal species for a hard layer enhancement (duripan–type tepetate)
David Flores–Román1,*, Carla Guadalupe Muñiz–Irigoyen1,María del Socorro Galicia–Palacios2, Ronald Ferrera–Cerrato3 y Gerardo Zenteno4
1 Departamento de Edafología, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F.
2 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F.
3 Instituto de Recursos Naturales, Colegio de Posgraduados, Carretera México–Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco, 56230, Estado de México.
4 Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F.
*This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of peach, Prunus persica (L) Batsch, organic emendations and mycorrhizae on the physical, chemical and biochemical characteristics of a fragmented tepetate with the intention of rehabilitating it and improving its productive quality. This work was carried out in a greenhouse at the Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Tepetate was collected in the Tetela del Volcán municipality, State of Morelos, Mexico, broken up into fragments (2 to 10 mm in diameter) and arranged in pots without holes, adding emendations: cow manure, compost and mycorrhiza. The peach plants were trasplanted at an age of three months and were cut at the end of the experiment (one year). The tepetate was taken out of the pot and air dried for laboratory analysis. Experimental design was completely random with two factors and three levels each (9 treatments), with four repetitions (36 experimental units). A variance analysis was performed with the data and the Tukey proof was used in means (p ≤ 0.05). The aggregation values presented the biggest percentage in fraction 5–10 mm and the lowest percentage was fraction > 10 mm; however, the relative distribution compared to the original material distribution shows an important modification compared to the changes in the absolute witness. In the stability test, the fraction with the biggest percentage was > 5 mm and the lowest, 3–5 mm. The pH varied from light to medium alkalinity, and organic carbon increased. Na+ increased significantly. The process of humus formation is incipient because of the predominance of aliphatic structures and insufficient time for molecular evolution. Polysaccharides increased in treatments that were not inoculated.
Keywords: hard layers, rehabilitation, Prunus persica.
