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BOLETÍN DE LA SOCIEDAD GEOLÓGICA MEXICANA http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/BSGM2009v61n3a2 |
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Criterios ambientales y geológicos básicos para la propuesta de un relleno sanitario en Zinapécuaro, Michoacán, México
Basic environmental and geologic criteria to assess the location of a dump in Zinapécuaro, Michoacán, Mexico
Juan Manuel Sánchez–Núñez1,*, Jessica Velázquez Serna2, Ma. Elena Serrano Flores1, Alfredo Ramírez Treviño3, Alejandro Balcazar Vázquez1 y Raúl Quintero Rodríguez4
1 Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD) del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Calle 30 de junio de 1520, Col. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán. Delegación Gustavo A. Madero. C. P. 07340, México D. F.
2 Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas.Ingeniería en Sistemas Ambientales del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Santo Tomás. Delegación Miguel Hidalgo. C.P. 11340 México, D.F.
3 Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Azcapotzalco. Av. de las Granjas No. 682 Col. Sta. Catarina Delegación Azcapotzalco. C. P. 02550 México D.F.
4 Proyectos de Ingeniería y Medio Ambiente (PIMA). Jesús Flores 33–2 Col. Observatorio. Delegación Miguel Hidalgo. C.P. 11860 México, D.F.
* This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Abstract
Zinapécuaro is located 50 km of Morelia, capital city of the state of Michoacan, this region has several problems because of domestic solid waste generated by 14 547 people; the actual disposal dump does not have any technical specifications, so it has environmental implications like soil, air and water pollution as well as unpleasant odors, harmful animals and groundwater resources pollution. The final disposition of solid waste in Zinapecuaro is one of the most critical and imperative problems to be solved. This study deals with basic technical proposal to establish the bases to select the suitable place for building a landfill according to the actual environmental regulation. The main criteria followed by this research were the Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM 083–SEMARNAT–2003 and four Mexican Technical Standards (NMX) that contain the procedures to determine the type of materials generated. According to statistical analysis applied to domestic solid waste sampling, the final disposition site at Zinapecuaro is classified as "C" type, the generation average is 0.62 kilograms per inhabitant per each day and the volumetric weight is 252.54 kg/m3. The kinds of rocks identify were basalts and volcanoclastic deposits range from Superior Triasic to Quaternary. Also presented lacustrine deposits and the most recent alluvial sediments are at the top of the stratigraphic column. The municipal authorities were interested in abandoned mine use for landfill, so Francisco Villa site fulfilled technical specifications for "C" type of disposal dump. We strongly recommend some specifc studies as a compliment to this research.
Key words: Sanitary landfill, domestic solid waste, environmental regulations, Norma Oficial Mexicana, Geology.
